Muffler for internal-combustion engines.



H. G. CHATAIN. MUFFLER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED MAY 13, 1912.

1 1 1 4,448. Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

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Witnesses: lnventcr':

Hehri G.Chatain,

i I W H. G. GHATAIN. MUFFLER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 13, 1912.

Patented 0013.20, 1914.

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lrivehtor watai n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRI G. CHATAIN, or ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR.TO GEN-Emit ntnctrnzo coiireNY, A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

MUFFLER FOB INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Zo all whom it may concern have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mufflers for Internal-Com bustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relatesto muiilers for internal combustion engines, and especially for use with such engines when em ployed to propel vehicles on main or branch lines of eXiSting steam railroads. 2

The object of my invention is to-provide. mutller of improved construction which will effectively decrease the noise of the exhaust from the engine or engines without creating undue back pressure and which will heat the air supplied to the carbureter and also. assist in carryingaway heat from the engine and the cab'containing it.

For aconsideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is di-, rected to the accompanying description and. the claims appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one of the embodiments of my invent-ion, Figure l is a view in side elevation of an engine located in a vehicle cab and provided with my improved mutller; Fig. 2

is a view in elevation of the mufiler with the jacket therefor in section; Fig. 3 is an end view of the mutller with the jacket in section; Fig. l is a longitudinal section of the niuffier; Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 55 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a detail view show-u ing the means for. holding the muffler casing,

and Figs; 7 and 8 are detail views showing an arrangement for heating air that passes to the oarbureter.

- 1 indicates an internal combustion engine of any suitable construction located in the cab of a vehicle. As shown, it is provided with eightcylinders which are arranged in sets of four each on opposite sides of the center and slightly inclined to each other, so that a single crank shaft may be employed. Mounted on one end of the engine frame is an electric generator 3 of any suitable construction for supplying current to the propelling motors on the trucks. Sit; uated above the engine cylinders2 is a muffler 4:, said muifier being supported by and located directly between the engine cylinders. Surrounding the muffler is a jacket Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May 13, 1912. Serial No. 696,827.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

5 which is extended to-form a flue or chimney 6 for carrying off heat. The fine should be so supported that a certain limited relative movement of the cab and engine will not afiect it. Located within the flue is an exhaust pipe "I, the end of which is so positioned with respect to the flue and soshaped that the exhaust issuing from the pipe, acts by ejector action to suck hotair from the jacket around the \mufiler and from the crank case, which is connected to the jacket, as will appear later.

Referring to Fig. 4, the mufiler comprises two cast iron heads IO and 11. The head 10 is provided with two inlet conduits 12 and 13 which are mounted on the engine and convey the exhaust from the cylinders located on the right and left hand sides. Each one of these conduits receives the exhaust from two cylinders and form feet for supporting one end ofthe mufiier from valve casings bolted to the cylinder heads. Formed within the head 10 is a chamber l t that is common to both conduits. The

- head is also provided ith an internal flange or shoulder 15 that supports one end of the inner baflling tube 16, and with an annular shoulder 17 that-supports one end of the outer battling tube 29. The head is .also provided with an annular groove 18 best shown in Fig. 6. This groove is arranged to receive the cylindrical casing 19 that surrounds the leather tubes. The bottom of the groove 18 contains a limited amount of as bestos, which acts as a cushion to overcome the objectionable effects of expansion and contraction of the parts as they are alternately heated and cooled; it being noted that the baffling tubes 16 and 29 are free to slide to a limited extent on the shoulders. In other words, the tubes are unconfinedas regards movements due to expansion and coir traction. In order to secure the casing in place, a U-shaped piece of copper or equivalent metal is forced into the groove between the wall of the groove and the casing. The head 11 is provided with two inlet conduits 21 and 22, which are formed integral therewith. These conduits also form feet that are supported by parts attached to the cylinders and are connected to the exhaust ports offour of said cylinders, two on each side. Thus far the arrangement is similar to that of the head 10. The head 11 is also provided with an inlet conduit 23 that is connected to a small engine located in the.

cab for driving a generator for furnishing electric light. It is also provided with a dischargeconduit 2 1 that is connected to the exhaust pipe 7 of Fig. 1. The head is provided with a chamber 25 that is common to all of the exhaust carrying conduits entcring it, said chamber discharging into the inner battling tube. The head is further pro- 10 vided with flanges or shoulders for support- It will be observed that the perforations are so disposed that they are not exactly in line. Inother words they are staggered. The object of this is to cause'the exhaust gases to follow a more-tortuous path. It will be noted that the exhaust gases are discharged into the mufller from opposite ends, thereby causing interference of the gases from one set of cylinders with those from another. This has the advantage of increasingthe baflling effect because of the opposition and disturbance to movement of said gases. The casing 19 surrounds the bafiling tube 29, and the chamber formed between the casing and said tube communicates with the conduit 24 leading to the exhaust pipe 7. To recapitulate it will be seen that the gases enter the mutller through its opposite ends, flow toward each other, are

then discharged radially into the surround-- 40 ing chamber from .which they flow axially to the left and then radially through the perforated tube 29 into the outer chamber from which they pass axially to the exhaust pipe. As before stated, the two heads 10 and 11 are supported by the engine cylinders either directly or through parts that are carried by some part of the frame. The said heads are connected by means of horizontal rods 32, which are screw-threaded at their outer ends and have nuts thereon that engage said heads. p j

An apparatus of this kind gets relatively hot due to the temperature of the exhaust gases. To avoid dissipating this heat in the cab the muffler is provided with a jacket 5 that is made in two principal parts, the

plane of division being perpendicular to the floor of the cab and coinciding with the center of the mu'lller. -1he object in time splitting the casing is to facilitate mounting and removing it. In order to prevent the transfer of heat from the inside to the outside, the jacket is composed of an inner shell 33 and an outer shell 34:, Fig. 2. Between the two shells is a body of material, such as asbestos or other heat insulating material. I find it desirable to locate this material between .two shells so that it will be securely held in position and will not be injured in any way. The two parts'of the jacket are united by bolts or other means. The jacket is provided with an elbow or extension 36 which may be composed of a single thickness of metal or g be made in the form of a double shell, the same as the jacket. This surrounds the exhaust pipe 7, a space or chamberbeing left between the twc. This space or chamber communicates with the annular chamber 37 be tween the jacket and the casing of the muffler proper. Owing to the fact that the jacket rests on the cylindrical parts of the heads 10" and 11 a chamber of sufficient size is provided to permit the free passage of hot air. The annular chamber 3'? also communi cates with the chamber 38 at the left hand end of the muffler, Fig. 2,through the cut away portions 39, Fig. 5, of the left hand head. The right hand head is also cut away to facilitate the passage of hot air from within the jacket.- The portion 36 of the jacket, Fig. 2, communicates with the upright pipe 6, Fig. 1, which in turn c0n nects with theshort section of tubing 4-0 mounted on the roof 41 of the cab. It will be 'noted that the tube 40 tapers slightly from the bottom t6 the top,. so that the exhaust gases will create an ejector-like action as they escape thereby sucking heated air out of the annular chamber S'Tand parts connected therewith.

v lVhere the exhaust conduits 12, 13, 21 and 22, Fig. 2, pass up through the jacket there is more or less space through which hot air from the engine enters and is carried off by the action of the injector. In addition to this a conduit 42, Fig. 2, is provided that is connected at one end to the crank casing for the purpose of removing hot air, and at the other cnd discharges into the chamber between the portion 36 and the jacket and 'exhaust pipe 7. The object of the last named features is to abstract heat from the engine and cab as completely as possible.

It is desirable to heat the air passing to the carbnreter or carhureters of the engine and to this end the arrangement shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is provided. Located between the jacket 5 and the casing 19' is a curved sheet metal partition 43 which is provided with perforations l4 to admit air to the chamber back of it. The'partition $3 is, placed over the'rods 32 in such a manner as to leave 'a'small chamber 45 between said sheet and the casing 19. At some point intermediate the ends, the partition is pro yided with an elbow 16 to which the pipe 47 for supplying air to the carburetor is connected. The pistons of the engine on their suctidn stroke draw air through the pipes 47, elbows 46, and chamber 45, said air havsome conditions I omit the tube 6 in which.

case the ejector acts to freely withdraw heated air. from all over the cab as well as from the engine and muflier. In this case the withdrawal of heat from the engine and muffler is not so direct. Care should be exercised to so position the tube 40 and the exhaust conduit 7 that the maximum ejector effects will be obtained on the'one hand and the noise of the exhaust decreased on the other. I y

In accordance with the'provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the princi ple of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent {the best embodiment thereof; butI desire to have it understood that the \Vha't I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. As a new article of manufacture, a head for a muffler consisting of an integral casting comprising a disk provided with central and upper openings, a branched downwardly curved conduit leading from the central opening, and an upwardly'curved conduit leading from the upper opening.

2. In a muflier, the combination of oppositely disposed heads, each of which is provided with a pair of conduits that receive exhaust gases, and also form feet to support the mufiier, means for bathing the gases located between the heads, and a conduit attached to one of the heads through which the exhaust gases escape.

3. The combination with a muflier comprising concentric perforated tubes, a casing, heads having their peripheries cut away at intervals, and inlet and outlet pipes on said heads, of a jacket surrounding said mufller and resting on the peripheries of said heads, and a conduit communicating with the interior of said jacket through the openings formed by said cut away peripheries.

4. The combination with a muflier comprising concentric perforated tubes, a casing, heads having their peripheries cut away at intervals, inlet pipes on said heads, and an outlet pipe leading from one of said heads,

a of a jacket divided on a vertical longitudinal plane, inclosing said nufiier and outlet pipe and resting on the peripheries of said heads,

the portion of said jacket surrounding the outlet pipe communicating with the remainder thereof through the openings formed by said cut away peripheries.

5. In "combination, an internal combustion engine, a muflier supported adjacent thereto, a pipe connecting the engine to the muflier, an outlet pipe for conveying the exhaust gases from the muflier, a jacket carried by and surrounding the mufller and spaced therefrom to form a surrounding chamber,

and a conduit forming an extension of said jacket which surrounds the outlet pipe to form an ejector for removing heated gases from said chamber. I

6. The combination with an internal combustionengine having an inclosed crank case, of a muffler, an inlet and discharge conduit for conveying exhaust gases to and from the mufiier, a jacket carried by and surrounding the mufller'which is spaced from the mufiier to form a surrounding chamber and has openings to receive air heated by the engine, means connecting the chamber with the crank case, and a conduit forming an extension of said jacket which surrounds the outlet pipe to form an ejector for removing heated gases from said chamber.

7.. In combination, an internal combustion engine, a muifier supported adjacent thereto comprising a plurality of heads and concentric perforated tubes carried thereby, inlet pipes connecting the engine with the heads, an. outlet pipe leading fromone of said heads, a surrounding jacket carried by the muffler and spaced therefrom, said jacket having openings through which the inlet pipes extend of such size as to leave a clearance around said pipes, and a conduit communicating with the chamber and surrounding the exhaust pipe to form an ejector to cause air to be drawn in through the clearance spaces and circulate through said chamber.

8. In a mufiler, the combination of a sup port, bafiling means carried thereby, a casing that surrounds the-bafiling means, a jacket tition which partially inclos'es the casing, is located between it and the jacket and forms one wall of a hotair chamber and a conduit 4 HELEN Onrono, BENJAMIN B. HULL.

.for said casing, a perforated sheet metal par- 

